Past elections
1947 to 1985
Presidential election
With Ayub Khan’s arrival on the
political stage in 1958, the System of Basic Democracy system was introduced in
which ‘the voters delegate their rights to choose the president and the members
of the national and provincial assemblies to 80,000 representatives called
Basic Democrats.
On January 2, 1965, the first
presidential election was held. Some 80,000 'basic democrats', as members of
urban and regional councils, caucused to vote. There were two main contestants:
Pakistan Muslim League (Conventional) lead by General Ayub Khan and the Combined
Opposition Parties (COP) under the leadership of Fatima Jinnah.
COP was made up of some 5 opposition parties, i.e., Pakistan Muslim League (Council), led
by Khwaja Nazimuddin and Mian Mumtaz Khan Daultana;
the Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rehman; the National Awami Party, led by Maulana Bashani; the North
West Frontier group of the National Awami Party, led by Wali Khan,
son of the famous Abdul Ghafar Khan; the Nizam-e-Islam Party, led
by Chaudhry Mohammad Ali and Farid Ahmad; and the Jamaat-e-Islami,
led by Maulana Maudoodi.
The PML secured a thumping
majority of 120 seats in those elections. The opposition could clinch only 15
seats. Combined Opposition Party (COP) won 10 seats whereas NDF bagged 5 seats
in East Pakistan and 1 in West Pakistan. The rest of the seats went to the
independents.
Party
|
1965
|
Pakistan Muslim League
|
120
|
Combined
Opposition Party
|
10
|
National
Democratic Front
|
6
|
General elections
Between 1947 and 1958, there were
no direct elections held in Pakistan at the national level. Provincial
elections were held occasionally. The West Pakistan provincial
elections were described as "a farce, a mockery and a fraud upon
the electorate".
The first direct elections held
in the country after independence was for the provincial Assembly of the Punjab between
10-20 March 1951. The elections were held for 197 seats. As many as 939
candidates contested the election for 189 seats, while the remaining seats were
filled unopposed. Seven political parties were in the race. The election was
held on an adult basis with approximately one-million voters. The turnout
remained low. In Lahore, the turnout was 30 per cent of the listed voters and
in rural areas of Punjab it was much lower.
On 8 December 1951 the North West Frontier Province held
elections for Provincial legislature seats. In a pattern that would be repeated
throughout Pakistan's electoral history, many of those who lost accused the
winners of cheating and rigging the elections. Similarly, in May, 1953
elections to the Provincial legislature of Sindh were held and
they were also marred by accusations of rigging. In April 1954, general
elections were held for the East Pakistan Legislative Assembly,
in which the Pakistan Muslim League lost,
and Bengali nationalists won.
Party
|
1970
|
1977
|
1985
|
Awami League
|
160
|
0
|
0
|
Pakistan Peoples Party
|
81
|
155
|
0
|
Pakistan National Alliance
|
0
|
36
|
0
|
Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum)
|
9
|
1
|
0
|
Pakistan Muslim League (Conventional)
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
Pakistan Muslim League (Council)
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
Jamaat-e-Islami
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
Jamiat-e-Ulema-e-Islam
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
Markazi Jamiat-e-Ulema-e-Pakistan
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
National Awami Party (Wali)
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
Other parties/Independents
|
17
|
8
|
207
|
Total seats contested
|
300
|
200
|
207
|
Who formed the Government?
|
PPP
|
Never formed
|
Independent*
|
*1985 General Elections were held on non-party base.
Muhammad Khan Junejo with his allies formed the Government.
1988 to 2008
Party
|
1988
|
1990
|
1993
|
1997
|
2002
|
Pakistan Peoples Party
|
93
|
0
|
89
|
18
|
81
|
Islami Jamhoori Ittehad
|
54
|
106
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz)
|
0
|
0
|
73
|
137
|
19
|
Pakistan Democratic Alliance
|
0
|
45
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Pakistan Muslim League
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
126
|
Muttahida Qaumi Movement*
|
13
|
15
|
0
|
12
|
17
|
Awami National Party
|
2
|
6
|
3
|
10
|
0
|
Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
63
|
Jamiat-Ulema-e-Islam (Fazlur Rehman)
|
7
|
6
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
Other Parties/Independents **
|
38
|
30
|
42
|
28
|
36
|
Total Seats
|
207
|
207
|
207
|
207
|
342
|
Total Turnout
|
43.07%
|
45.46%
|
40.28%
|
35.42%
|
41.08%
|
Who formed the Government?
|
PPP
|
IJI
|
PPP
|
PML(N)
|
PML
|
N.B: All elections were contested
under a separate electorate system, the 1990 elections had allegations of
vote-rigging confirmed by foreign observers. The
'MQM' contested the 1988 elections under the name Muhajir Qaumi Mahaz, it
boycotted the 1993 National elections.
2008 General elections
This election led to strong
showings for the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and the Pakistan Muslim League
(Nawaz) (PML-N), who signed the Bhurban Accord in
response to the election results.
Parties
|
Votes
|
%
|
Elected seats
|
Reserved seats (Women)
|
Reserved seats (Minorities)
|
Total
|
Pakistan Peoples Party
|
10,606,486
|
30.6%
|
97
|
23
|
4
|
124
|
Pakistan Muslim League (N)
|
6,781,445
|
19.6%
|
71
|
17
|
3
|
111
|
Pakistan Muslim League (Q)
|
7,989,817
|
23.0%
|
42
|
10
|
2
|
54
|
Muttahida Qaumi Movement
|
2,507,813
|
7.4%
|
19
|
5
|
1
|
25
|
Awami National Party
|
700,479
|
2.0%
|
10
|
3
|
0
|
13
|
Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)
Note: Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, Jamaat-e-Islami
Pakistan, Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan, Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan and Jamiat Ahle Hadith did not
participate.
|
772,798
|
2.2%
|
6
|
1
|
0
|
7
|
Pakistan Muslim League (F)
|
4
|
11
|
0
|
5
|
||
Pakistan Peoples Party (Sherpao)
|
140,707
|
0.4%
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
National Peoples Party
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
||
Balochistan National Party (Awami)
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
||
Independents
|
18
|
0
|
0
|
18
|
||
Total
|
34,665,978
|
100%
|
270
|
60
|
10
|
340
|
Source: Election
Commission of Pakistan, Adam Carr's
Electoral Archive
|
||||||
No comments:
Post a Comment